Critical thinking and collective knowledge in response to the systemic crisis of capitalism in Twenty-first-century Latin America and the Caribbean

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22201/fesa.26832917e.2026.7.3.508

Keywords:

Critical thinking, Social Movements, Collapse of Capitalism, Latin America, Caribbean

Abstract

Latin America and the Caribbean constitute a region with a long history of struggles for justice, sovereignty and dignity. Within this context, critical thinking has played a decisive role, particularly in the systemic critique of capitalism and in resistance to the dynamics of U.S interventionism. The process of constructing a Latin American and Caribbean identity is, therefore, closely linked with the development of concepts and approaches that nurture critical thought, not only expressed in academic and cultural levels but also and with considerable strength, within collective spaces. This essay seeks to contribute to a deeper analysis of the importance of critical thinking in our region within the troubling context of a systemic and socio-ecological collapse. 

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Author Biographies

  • Angélica Cuéllar-Vázquez, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales

    Angélica Cuéllar-Vázquez holds a Bachelor’s degree, a Master’s degree, and a Ph.D. in Sociology from the Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales (FCPyS) of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). She completed a postdoctoral fellowship in Sociology of Law at the University of Milan under the supervision of Dr. Vincenzo Ferrari.

    Since 1997, she has been a Full Professor at the FCPyS, UNAM. In 2025, she was named an Emeritus Researcher by Mexico’s National System of Researchers (SNII).

    Since 1997, she has been a permanent member of the Research Committee on Sociology of Law of the International Sociological Association. In 2000, she was appointed Chair of the Working Group on Law and Politics within the same committee.

    She served as Dean of the Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, UNAM, from 2016 to 2020. She was Mexico’s representative on the Executive Committee of the Latin American Sociological Association (ALAS) for the 2018–2019 term. In 2020–2021, she served as Vice President of ALAS and was subsequently elected President by its General Assembly for the 2022–2024 term.

    Since August 2024, she has served as Coordinator of the Consejo Académico del Área de las Ciencias Sociales (CAACS) at UNAM.

  • Nayar López-Castellanos, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Coordinador del Programa de Posgrado de Estudios Latinoamericanos
    He holds a Ph.D and serves as Coordinator of the Graduate Program in Latin American Studies at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). Full-time professor at UNAM's Faculty of Political Science and Social Sciences (FCPyS). Researcher in Mexico's National System of Researchers (SNNII). Director of CariCen: Journal of analysis and debate on the Caribbean and Central America.

References

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Cuéllar Vázquez, Angélica, Analy Loera Martínez, y Christian Ascención Martínez. La orfandad institucional: el caso Ayotzinapa. México: Tirant Lo Blanch, 2024.

González Casanova, Pablo. Explotación, colonialismo y lucha por la democracia en América Latina. México: Akal, 2017.

Klein, Fernando. “Los movimientos de resistencia indígena. El caso mapuche” Gazeta de Antropología 24, núm. 1 (febrero 2008): 1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/Digibug.7072 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30827/Digibug.7072

Michi, Norma. Movimientos campesinos y educación. El Movimiento de los Trabajadores Rurales Sin Tierra y el Movimiento Campesino de Santiago del Estero MOCASE-VC. Buenos Aires: El Colectivo, 2010.

Roitman, Marcos. La criminalización del pensamiento. Madrid: Escolar y Mayo Editores, 2018.

Touraine, Alain. “Los movimientos sociales” Revista Colombiana de Sociología, núm. 27 (julio 2006): 255-278. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/recs/article/view/7982

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Published

2026-07-01

Issue

Section

Scenarios / Essays

How to Cite

Cuéllar-Vázquez, Angélica, and Nayar López-Castellanos. 2026. “Critical Thinking and Collective Knowledge in Response to the Systemic Crisis of Capitalism in Twenty-First-Century Latin America and the Caribbean”. FIGURAS REVISTA ACADÉMICA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 7 (3): 147-58. https://doi.org/10.22201/fesa.26832917e.2026.7.3.508.

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