Theories about the origin of political parties and the Uruguayan case

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22201/fesa.26832917e.2024.5.2.314

Keywords:

Political Parties, Uruguay, élite, Socio-structural changes, Political Party Theory

Abstract

In this text on party genesis, the analytical proposal lies in revisiting, at first, the general literature by proposing an ordering in three major groups: a) explanations by the incidence of socio-structural changes; b) explanations anchored in the role of individual and collective actors; c) and works that study institutional conditioning or changes. This analytical arrangement will allow us to explore rival theories on party genesis in the light of a Latin American case. The Uruguayan case is a useful laboratory of empirical analysis –especially vis-à-vis the South American region– which will allow us to control the theoretical perspectives and propositions, but also to find their limits and contextual scope on the one hand and even, on the other, to identify Gordian knots for new formulations and theoretical revisions of a situated nature.  

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Lucca Lucca, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

PhD in Social Sciences from FLACSO, Master in Latin American Studies from the Universidad of Salamanca, and a Higher Diploma in Latin American and Caribbean Social Though from CLACSO. Associate Professor of Elections and Political Parties at the Facultad de Ciencia Política and International Relations at the Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR).

Researcher of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET).

Member of the Centro de Estudios Comparados at the UNR.

Cintia Pinillos, Centro de Estudios Comparados de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario

Associate Professor of Comparative Politics at the Facultad de Ciencia Política y

Relaciones Internacionales

of the Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR) and the Facultad de Trabajo Social of the Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Dean of the Facultad de Ciencia Política  y Relaciones Internacionales of the Universidad de Rosario. Vice-President of the Sociedad Argentina de Análisis Político (SAAP) in Argentina. Member of the Centro de Estudios Comparados at the UNR.

References

Aguiar, César. 1985. “Clivajes sociales, tiempos políticos y redemocratización.” Revista Mexicana de Sociología 47, no. 2: 21-43. https://doi.org/10.2307/3540534

Aguirre Bayley, Miguel. 1985. Frente amplio. Uruguay: Ediciones de la Banda Oriental

Alcántara, Manuel y Juan Pablo Luna. 2004. “Ideología y competencia partidaria en dos post-transiciones: Chile y Uruguay en perspectiva comparada.” Revista de Ciencia Política XXIV, no. 1: 128-168. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-090X2004000100006

Alcántara, Manuel. 2001. “El origen de los partidos políticos en América Latina”. Working Paper. Institut de Ciències Polítiques i Socials, no. 187. https://www.icps.cat/archivos/WorkingPapers/WP_I_187.pdf

Aldrich, John H. 1995. Why Parties?: The Origin and Transformation of Political Parties in America. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Alles, Santiago. 2005. “Uruguay: del bipartidismo al multipartidismo bipolar." Documentos del CADAL III, no 40. https://www.cadal.org/publicaciones/archivo/documento_40.pdf

Baquero, Marcello. 2000. A vulnerabilidade dos partidos políticos e a crise da democracia na América Latina. Porto Alegre: Editora UFRGS.

Bolleyer, Nicole. 2012. “New party organization in Western Europe: Of party hierarchies, stratarchies and federations.” Party Politics 18, no. 3: 315-336. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068810382939

Boudon, Lawrence. 1996. “Hacia una teoría sobre nuevos partidos políticos.” Colombia Internacional 1, no. 35: 28-38. https://doi.org/10.7440/colombiaint35.1996.03

Buquet Corleto, Daniel, Daniel Chasquetti y Juan Andrés Morales. 1998. Fragmentación política y gobierno en Uruguay: ¿Un Enfermo Imaginario? Montevideo: Facultad de Ciencias Sociales-Instituto de Ciencia Política.

Caetano, Gerardo, José Rilla y Romeo Pérez. 1987. “La partidocracia uruguaya. Historia y teoría de la centralidad de los partidos políticos.” Cuadernos del CLAEH 44, no. 4: 37-62.

Cavarozzi, Marcelo y Esperanza Casullo. 2002. “Los partidos políticos en América Latina hoy: ¿Consolidación o crisis?” En El asedio a la política. Los partidos latinoamericanos en la era neoliberal. Marcelo Cavarozzi y Juan Manuel Abal Medina compiladores, 9-32. Rosario: Homo Sapiens.

Chasquetti, Daniel y Daniel Buquet. 2004. “La democracia en Uruguay: una partidocracia de consenso.” Política. Revista de Ciencia Política vol. 42: 221-247.

Cox, Gary. 1997. Making Votes Count: Strategic Coordination in the World's Electoral Systems. New York: Cambridge University Press.

De Riz, Liliana. 1986. “Política y partidos. Ejercicio de análisis comparado: Argentina, Chile, Brasil y Uruguay.” Desarrollo económico 25, no. 100: 659-682. https://doi.org/10.2307/3466849

Demasi, Carlos. 2012. “A 25 años de la partidocracia uruguaya: aportes para la discusión de una hipótesis.” Contemporánea: historia y problemas del siglo XX 3, no. 3: 267-282.

Dix, Robert. 1989. “Cleavage Structures and Party Systems in Latin America.” Comparative Politics 22, no. 1: 23-37. https://doi.org/10.2307/422320

Doglio, Natalia, Luis Senatore y Jaime Yaffé. 2004. "Izquierda Política y Sindicatos en Uruguay (1971-2003)". En La Izquierda Uruguaya entre la Oposición y el Gobierno, editado Jorge Lanzaro. Montevideo: Fin de Siglo. ICP, 251-295.

Duverger, Maurice. 1970. Instituciones políticas y derecho constitucional. Barcelona: Ariel.

Freidenberg, Flavia. 2007. La tentación populista: una vía al poder en América Latina. Madrid: Síntesis.

Hall, Peter y Rosemary Taylor. 2003. “The three versions of neo-institutionalism.” Lua Nova, no. 58: 193-223. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-64452003000100010

Harmel, Robert y John Robertson. 1985. “Formation and success of new parties: A cross-national analysis.” International Political Science Review 6, no. 4: 501-523. https://doi.org/10.1177/019251218500600408

Hauss, Charles y David Rayside. 1978. “The development of new parties in western democracies since 1945.” In Political parties: Development and decay, Louis Maisel and Joseph Cooper eds., 31-57. Beverly Hills: Sage.

Hug, Simon. 2000. “Studying the Electoral Success of New Political Parties: a Methodological Note.” Party Politics 6, no. 2: 187-197. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068800006002004

Ignazi, Piero. 1996. “The Crisis of Parties and the Rise of New Political Parties.” Party Politics 2, no. 4: 549-566. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068896002004007

Inglehart, Ronald. 1977. The Silent Revolution. Changing Values and Political Styles Among Western Publics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Janda, Kenneth. 1980. Political parties: A cross-national survey. New York: Free Press; London: Collier Macmillan.

Kestler, Thomas, Silvana Krause y Juan Bautista Lucca. 2013. “Los Break-in parties en América Latina: ¿éxito o fracaso?” En Revista Debates 7, no. 2: 159-171.

Kirchheimer, Otto. 1966. “The transformation of the Western European party systems.” In Political Parties and Political Development, Joseph LaPalombara y Myron Weiner eds. 137-176. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Kitschelt, Herbert. 1994. The Transformation of European Social Parties. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Lago, Ignacio y Ferrán Martínez. 2011. “Why new parties?.” Party Politics 17, no. 1: 3-20. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068809346077

Lanzaro, Jorge. 2014. “Continuidad y cambios en una vieja democracia de partidos. Uruguay 1910-2010.” Cuadernos del CLAEH, 33, no. 100: 37-77. https://ojs.claeh.edu.uy/publicaciones/index.php/cclaeh/article/view/27

LaPalombara, Joseph y Myron Weiner, eds. 1966. Political Parties and Political Development. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Lawson, Kennet. 1976. The comparative study of political parties. New York: St. Martin's Press.

Lijphart, Arend. 1971. “Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method.” The American Political Science Review 65, no. 3: 682–693. https://doi.org/10.2307/1955513

Lijphart, Arend. 1981. “Political Parties: Ideologies and Programs.” In Democracy at the Polls: A Comparative Study of Competitive National Elections, David Butler, Howard R. Penniman & Austin Ranney eds., 26-51. Washington: American Enterprise Institute.

Lijphart, Arend. 2000. Modelos de democracia: Formas de gobierno y resultados en treinta y seis países. Barcelona: Ariel.

Lipset, Seymour Martin y Stein Rokkan. 1967. “Cleavage Structures, Party Systems, and Voter Alignments: An introduction.” In Party Systems and Voter Alignements: Cross National Perspectives. Seymour Martin Lipset and Stein Rokkan (eds.): 1-64. New York/London: The Free Press, Macmillan Limited.

Losada, Rodrigo y Nicolás Liendo. 2015. “El peso de los nuevos partidos en el sistema de partidos colombiano, 1986-2010.” Papel político 20, no.1: 35-62. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.papo20-1.epnp

Lucardie, Paul. 2000. “Prophets, Purifiers and Prolocutors: Towards a Theory on the Emergence of New Parties”, Party politics 6, no. 2: 175-185. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068800006002003

Mainwaring, Scott, Carlos Gervasoni y Anabelle Nájera. 2010. The Vote Share of New and Young Parties (Working Paper no. 368). Indiana: Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies.

Mair, Peter. 1999. “New Political Parties in Established Party Systems: How Successful Are They?” En Beukel, Erik y Kurt Klaudi Klausen, and Poul Erik Mouritzen, Elites, Parties and Democracy: Festschrift for Professor Mogens N. Pedersen, 207-224. Dinamarca: University Press of Southern Denmark.

Michels, Robert. 1969. Los partidos políticos: Un estudio sociológico de las tendencias oligárquicas de la democracia moderna. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu.

Moreira, Constanza. 2004. Final de juego: del bipartidismo tradicional al triunfo de la izquierda en Uruguay. Montevideo: Ediciones Trilce.

Mustapic, Ana. 2013. “Los partidos políticos en la Argentina: Condiciones y oportunidades de su fragmentación.” En Cuánto importan las instituciones, Carlos Acuña y Marlana Chudnosky, 249-290. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI.

Panebianco, Ángelo. 1990. Modelos de partido: organización y poder en los partidos políticos. Madrid: Alianza Editorial.

Perkins, Doug. 1996. “Structure and Choice: The Role of Organizations, Patronage and the Media in Party Formation.” Party Politics 2, no. 3: 355-375. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068896002003004

Peters, Guy. 2003. El nuevo institucionalismo: la teoría institucional en ciencia política. Barcelona: Gedisa

Pinillos, Cintia, María Laura Sartor Schiavoni y Elisa Caballero Rossi. 2017. “El pulso electoral en perspectiva comparada: las experiencias de Chile (2013), Brasil (2014) y Uruguay (2014).” En Itinerarios políticos contemporáneos en Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay, compilado por Cintia. Pinillos, Marcelo. Cavarozzi y Marcelo Mella Polanco, 17-38. Rosario: UNR Editora.

Rae, Douglas, Victor Hanby and John Loosemore. 1971. “Thresholds of Representation and Thresholds of Exclusion: An Analytic Note on Electoral Systems.” Comparative Political Studies 3, no. 4: 479-488. https://doi.org/10.1177/001041407100300406

Ramos Jiménez, Alfredo. 2001. Los partidos políticos latinoamericanos. Un estudio comparativo. Mérida: Centro de Investigaciones de Política Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas-Universidad de Los Andes.

Sartori, Giovanni. 1980. Partidos y sistemas de partidos. Marco para un análisis. Madrid: Alianza editorial.

Sawicki, Frédéric. 2011. “Para una sociología de los entornos y de las redes partidistas. Revista de sociología, no. 25: 37-53. https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-529X.2011.27497

Schedler, Andreas. 2000. “Neo Institucionalismo: ¿qué es una institución?” En Léxico de la política, Laura Baca Olamendi y et al. (comps.). México: FCE.

Seiler, Daniel-Louis. 2001. “La comparaison et les partis politiques”, In Working paper. Institut de Ciències Polítiques i Socials, no. 194.

Serna, Miguel. 2004. “Reconversão Democrática das Esquerdas no Cone Sul.” Em EDUSC, Associação Nacional da Pós-graduação em Ciênciais. Sociais, San Pablo.

Sikk, Allan. 2012. “Newness as a winning formula for new political parties.” Party Politics 18, no. 4: 465-486. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068810389631

Skocpol, Theda y Margaret Somers. 1980. “The uses of comparative history in macrosocial inquiry.” Comparative studies in society and history, 22, no. 2: 174-197. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417500009282.

Taagepera, Rein y Matthew Soberg Shugart. 1989. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral Systems. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Tavits, Margaret. 2008. “Party Systems in the Making: The Emergence and Success of New Parties in New Democracies.” British journal of Political Science 38, no. 1: 113-133. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123408000069

Van Biezen, Ingrid. 2003. Political parties in new democracies: Party organization in Southern and East-Central Europe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Willey, Joseph. 1998. “Institutional arrangements and the success of new parties in old democracies.” Political Studies XLVI, no. 3: 651-668. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00159

Published

2024-03-01

How to Cite

Lucca, Lucca, and Cintia Pinillos. 2024. “Theories about the Origin of Political Parties and the Uruguayan Case”. FIGURAS REVISTA ACADÉMICA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 5 (2):33-48. https://doi.org/10.22201/fesa.26832917e.2024.5.2.314.
Metrics
Views/Downloads
  • Abstract
    115
  • PDF (Español)
    41
  • Visor XML (Español)
    64
  • ePub (Español)
    5

Issue

Section

Articles (Perspectives)

PlumX Analytics permite categorizar, visualizar y analizar el impacto social y académico de investigadores e instituciones